🔷 What is happening to the river? Mother river is in trouble?
A river is a natural waterway. He travels anywhere, on his own terms, until one day he ends up in a low place (at sea) or falls.River sand, the word is very familiar. As I was getting on the bus, I looked out of the bus window and saw a river bridge crossing, and at that moment there was a lot of sand lying on the side of the river.
🔷 First of all, where does this sand of the river come from or how is it born?
Numerous small and big rivers flow in our India, but sand is not seen along all the rivers.
The amount of sand along the Ganges, Teesta, Torsa, Jamuna rivers is very low, most of it is covered with silt.
Because they are born from the body of the Himalayas, eroding sedimentary rocks and giving birth to silt.
But the rivers which originate from the ancient plateau region of India, especially from the isolated plateau region of Chhotanagpur, have piles of sand in the river valleys.
Subirnarekha, Damodar, Ajay, Kangsavati, Barakar will see a lot of sand along these rivers. Because they all rolled over the isolated plateau.
Granite, nice, earthy rocks are born on land and bring sand to the streams that travel there.A handful of sand will look up - they are white, reddish or pink, chirping, some small black stone powder in the sand.
Because the main minerals of granite stone are quartz (white), feldspar (pink), avro and white and black sand means eroding nice and polished stone and giving birth to sand.In addition to the rocks, the plateau rich in quartz, and feldspar, avro. These are "sand".
🔴 Source of the sand:-
The river originates on granite, quartz-rich land, at first it is loosened by strong currents, some of the rocks are loosened, they rub the lower and adjacent river beds and there is a lot of erosion, this is the erosion of the river and the broken pieces of water float away with the water, knocking each other on the way and grinding them into powder.This is called friction loss.Then the trunks of so many of them start accumulating along the banks where the speed of the river decreases.These are the sand.
🔷 Where and how the river sand freezes?
The place of origin of river sand,Leaving this place, the river descends to the lower plains, slowing down its flow, and the river is forced to bend.
Where the river bends, the part of the curved bend is quite deep, these places the water of the river looks black, they are called "pool".
Leaving the bend a little further, where the path of the river is somewhat straight, the sand and other loads carried by the river begin to accumulate. This place is said to be shallow so this part is called "riffle".
In the meanwhile the sand starts accumulating in the concave part of the river bend, and they one day fill up with a lot of sand.These are what we call point bars.
Now the sand accumulates more in these riffle places, then the place becomes more shallow and like an inverted boat, then the place is called "shoal"and when it falls here, more sand flows and when it stops here, one day the sand rises and creates a river of sand.Some sand accumulates along the straight line of the river because the current is much slower.
Often very fine sand, rich in colloids, soaked in water accumulates on point bars or along rivers. These are then covered with dry sand, which is known as "stolen sand". These are one death trap !!
The river is constantly eroding, and regularly accumulating sand in the valley at its low speed.
The speed of the river slows down due to sand accumulation, but this phenomenon is a basic feature of the river bend as one bank breaks and the other bank breaks at the place of river bend.
River bends and sand deposits The river flows as a functional unit through a beautiful system in its valley.The work of extracting sand from the river is true but illegal.
The sand of the river clings to the cement, and large buildings play an important role in the construction of houses.
Depending on the sand of the river, many people get employment opportunities, roads, ghats, urbanization and industrialization.
🔷 But thinking about this development, how much do we think about the river and its beautiful system?
Or
🔷 If you take this sand extra, one day the sand of the river will be completely gone? But river sand is a stored resource !!
I think every stream in the world is running in a certain system, the river is constantly eroding the land, the river is eroding,
And this ancient plateau has been eroding rivers and accumulating sand for thousands of years and it will take a long time to completely erode, before that the land will rise and the river can regenerate, meaning it is not so easy to say that more than one second erosion cycle will not come. .
However, it is certain that no matter how much sand is taken from the river, the amount and intensity of rainfall which affects the erosion capacity and river flow rate, so long as these river regulators are stable, the river flow will continue and the river will continue to accumulate sand regularly.
If you have extra hair, you should cut it, but it is not good to go bald.
In the same way, even if the river sand is not removed, excess river sand will accumulate in the excess sand, slowing down the river, increasing the number of scrolls in the vicinity, and creating reservoirs.
However, the way the river collects sand is more beneficial to the river than the mandar, but it does not cause any harm to the ecosystem of the river bank and the mixed ecosystem or ecotone of the river and its banks.
The river flows with more bends, eroding the river bank and moving about 1.5 km after about 100 years,
It must be remembered. So if we do not regularly and in large quantities pick up sand from the river bank or in the sand valley of the river valley or at an uncontrolled rate, then we are causing trouble to the river and we have to suffer the consequences of that suffering.
Because the current of the river will increase, the bank of the river will erode more, so the land, ecosystem and ecoton will be towards the convex bend, let them live.
At the same time, the river bank breaks and moves fast, as a result of which the river may lose its previous speed after many years and the course of the river may change even a little.
In subtle judgment, if you deviate from the 5 ° angle and keep walking on the path, you will see that you have deviated a lot from the previous path.
🔷This can cause river problems.
In this way, the system that the river has been in for so long will gradually deteriorate or change.
So, I will extract sand from the river in a controlled way so that there are no refugees in the surrounding villages or agricultural lands. We know that the river recycles more from the plateau every year in the rainy season,
🔷Therefore, considering the health of the environment on the one hand and the economic needs of the poor people on the other hand, the sand should be extracted in such a way that the system that runs the river to maintain or protect for life.
Thanks...
✍️ Written by Somnath Kumar Das...
📸 Picture credited by Somnath kumar Das📸
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